UNIVERSITY OF MADRAS
B.Sc. DEGREE COURSE IN CHEMISTRY
SEMESTER SYSTEM WITH CREDITS
(Effective from the Academic Year 2003-2004)

Semester I - Paper I - General Chemistry-I

Duration: 3 hrs
Maximum Marks: 100
Credits: 4

Unit - I

1.1 Atomic Structure

Aufban principle, Hund's rule and electronic configurations of elements - stability of half filled and completely filled, orbital -- shapes of S, P, d and f orbitals. S, P, d and f blok elements - classification and characteristic properties.

1.2 Periodicity of Properties

Definition and periodicity of the following properties - atomic radii, ionic radii. ionisation potential, electron affinity and electronegativity (no determination) lanthanide contraction - inert - pair effect and diagonal relationship with examples.

1.3 Principles of inorganic Analysis

Principles of acid base equilibria, commonion effect and solubitity product and their applications in qualitative analysis. Reactions involved in the separation and identification of cations and anions in the analysis - spot test reagents - aluminon, cupferon, DMG, thiourea, magneson. alizarin and nessler's regrent Semimicro techniques.

1.4 Types of Solvents

Protic and aprotic solvents, aqueous and non aqueous solvents, liquid ammonia as a solvent.

Unit - II

2.1 Basic concepts of bonding in organic chemistry Hybridisation and geometry of molecules - methane, ethane, ethylene, acetylene and benzene. Electron displacements effects - Inductive, inductorneric, electromeric, mesomeric, resonance, hyper conjugation and steric effects. Cleavage of bonds - hornolytic and heterolytic fission of carbon - carbon bond - reaction intermediates - carbocations carboanions and free radicals - their stability.

2.2 Namenclature of organic compounds. IUPAC recommendations for namic simple aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic compounds.

2.3 Alkanes - Mechanism of free radical substitution in alkanes.

Unit - III

3.1 Quantum Chemistry

Planck's theory - photo electric effect - compton effect - de Broglie's relationship Heisenberg's uncertaimty principle - Schrodinger wave equation (no derivation) - significance of wave functions - probability distribution of electrons - radial probability distribution curves.

3.2 Gaseous State

Gas Laws from the kinetic theory of gases. Transport properties - viscosity - thermal conductivity - diffusion - Maxwell's distribution of molecular velocities (no derivation) - mean - rms, most probable, velocity equi partition of energy - heat capacity - molecular basis - virial equation of state - Boyle temperature - coefficient of compressibility and thermal expansion.

3.3 Liquid State

Surface tension - effect of temperature on surface tension - parachor - definition and applications only. Viscosity - effect of temperature, effect of pressure.

3.4 Solid State

Elements of symmetry - crystal systems - miller indices - unit cell - space lattice - Bravais lattices.

3.5 Mesomorphic State

Liquid crystals - classification and molecular arrangements.