UNIVERSITY OF MADRAS
B.Sc. DEGREE COURSE IN ELECTRONICS SCIENCE
SEMESTER SYSTEM WITH CREDITS
(Effective from the Academic Year 2003-2004)

Semester IV - Allied IV - Basic Physics-II

Duration: 3 hrs
Maximum Marks: 75
Credits: 3

Unit-1

Optics:

Defects of images - Spherical aberration in mirror and lens - Method of minimizing spherical aberration - Chromatic aberration - Achromatic combination of lenses in contact.
Interference - Interference in wedge shaped films - Newton's rings - Measurement of wavelength and radius of curvature by Newton's rings with theory - Diffraction - Divisions of wavefront into half period zones - Rectilinear propagation of light - Fresnel's explanation - Elementary theory of formation of spectra by transmission grating (normal incidence) - Determination of wavelength - Polarization - Optical activity - Biot law - Determination of specific rotatory power - Half shade polarimeter - Uses of polarized light.

Unit-2

Positive Rays :

Positive ray analysis - Bainbridge mass spectrograph Isotopes.
Photo electricity: Photoelectric emission - Einstein's theory - Millikan' s experiment - Photoelectric cell - Photovoltaic cell Photoconductive cell.
Atom ModeL Vector atom model - Spatial quantization - Electron spin - Quantum numbers - Pauli' s principle - Electronic configuration of atoms.

Unit-3

Relativity :

Frame of reference - Gallilean transformation - Michelson - Morley experiment - Postulates of special theory of relativity - Lorentz transformation - Length Contraction - Time dilation - Relativity of simultaneity - Addition of velocities - Variation of mass with Velocity - Mass energy equation - Minkowski's four dimensional space - Space Time continuum - Four vectors - Elementary ideas of general theory of relativity.

Unit-4

Quantum Mechanics:

Uncertainty principle - Postulates of wave mechanics - Wave function and its interpretation - Concepts of probability and probability density - Non-relativistic Schroedinger equation - Eigenfunctions - Eigenvalues - Normalization - Solutions of Schroedinger's equations for linear harmonic oscillator, particle in a box - Qualitative study (outlining steps only) of hydrogen atom (non-relativistic case without spin) and rigid rotator.

Radioactivity : Natural radioactivity - Artificial radioactivity - Radio isotopes - Uses of radio isotopes - Nuclear reaction - Q value of a reaction.

Unit-5

Nuclear and Particle Physics : general properties of nuclei - size, charge, mass & spin - liquid drop model - semi empirical mass formula - Shell model - magic numbers Elementary particles - classification - hadrons, leptons, mesons, baryons, hyprons - anti-particle & anti-matter strangeness isospin - basic ideas of quarks.

Books for study and reference

1. Text Book of Optics - Brijial and Subramanyam.
2. Modern Physics - Sehgal, Chopra and Sehgal.
3. Text Book of Quantum Mechanics - Mathews.
4. College Physics - Weber, Manning and White.
5. Advanced Level Physics - Nelkon and Parker.
6. University Physics - Sears and Zemansky.
7. Fundamentals of Physics, 6^th Edition, by D.Halliday, R.Resnick and J.Walker, Wiley, NY, 2001.
8. Physics, 4^th Edition, Vols 1, 2 & 2 Extended by D.Halliday, R.Resnick and K.S.Krane, Wiley, NY, 1994.
9. CRC Handbook of Physics & Chemistry, 80^th Ed., CRS Press, NY, 1999.
10. The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vols, 1, 2, and 3, by R. P. Feynman, RB Leighton and M Sands, Narosa, New Delhi, 1998.
11. Concepts of Modern Physics, 5^th Edition by A. Beiser, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 1997.