UNIVERSITY OF MADRAS
B.Sc. DEGREE COURSE IN GEOGRAPHY
SEMESTER SYSTEM WITH CREDITS
(Effective from the Academic Year 2003-2004)

Semester I - Practical I - Preliminary Exercise and Relief Study

Duration: 3 hrs
Maximum Marks: 100
Credits: 4

PAPER IV - PRACTICAL - I - PRELIMINARY EXERCISES AND RELIEF STUDY

Unit I

Maps : definition of a map - Types of maps - representation of scale on the map: statement scale - graphic scale - Representative Fraction; Comparative scale - pace scale - time scale - diagonal scale.

Unit II

Measurement of distances on maps : Latitudes and longitudes. Instrumental method - thread method; measurement of areas : graphical method - instrumental method.

Unit III

Enlargement and reduction of maps - square method and similar triangle - reduction by pantograph - combination of maps of different scales;

Unit IV

Representation of direction on maps : true north, grid magnetic north - magnetic declination - bearings - true bearing and magnetic bearing - map setting in the field - map reading.

Unit V

Representation of relief on maps : spot heights, bench mark, triangulation station, layer colouring, hachures, hill shading and contours - interpolation of contours; contour exercises: section drawing

Reference