UNIVERSITY OF MADRAS
B.Sc. DEGREE COURSE IN MICROBIOLOGY
SEMESTER SYSTEM WITH CREDITS
(Effective from the Academic Year 2003-2004)

SYLLABUS

Allied Subject - Syllabus for Other Courses Microbiology

Theory:

1. Evolution of Microbiology. Classification of micro-organisms.

2. Basic microbiological techniques

Cleaning of glassware. Sterilization of glassware and media. Stroak plate, spread plate, pour plate enrichment culture, single spore isolation, serial dilution, standard plate count. Lyophilization. Types of culture media. Staining techniques-simple and differential.

3. Structural characteristics of Bacteria. Actinomycetes, Mycoplasma and viruses.

4. Structural characteristics of micro algae (Oscillatoria Volvox and Chiorella), fungi (molds and yeasts) and Protozoa Entemoeba Plasmodium and Euglena)

5. Measurement of microbial growth (turbidity, biomass, cell count, arrea, pigments). Growth curve.

6. Microbiology of Soil. Microbes in soil, rhizophers and rhizoplane. Nitrogen-fixing, nitrifying and denitryfying bacteria. Sulphur bacteria. Biofertilizers.

7. Microbiology of water. Potable water. Municipal water purification. Sewage disposal and treatment-Physical and biological.

8. Microbiology of air. Microbes in air. Methods of purification of air.

9. Food microbiology. Microbial spoilage of food. Food preservation techniques with special emphasis on preservation of home foods by tunneric, salt, spices, oil and sugar.

10. Microbiology of milk. Microbes in milk and their sources. Pasteurization. Phosphatase and reduetase tests. Dairy products.

11. Industrial microbiology. Microbes in the production of organicacids, antibiotics and alcoholic beverages.

12. Microbes and diseases. Pathogenesis. Immune system. Active and passive immunity. AIDS.

13. Control of microbes-physical and chemical methods. Personal hygiene and sanitation.

14. A brief account of genetic engineering and biotechnology.

Practical

1. Preparation of bacterial smear.
2. Gram staining.
3. Hanging drop method for testing motility of bacteria.
4. Preparation of stants.
5. Emuneration of bacteria from soil, water, air and mils samples. Standard plate count.
6. Observation of pond water for the presence of microorganism-Volvox , Chiorella, Oscillatoria, Entamoeba. Paramoccium and Euglena.
7. Study of photomicrographs of different types of bacteria and viruses.
8. Identification of organisms that spoil the following:
Citrus fruits, Grapes, Emblica fruits. Coconut Kernal, Milk Products, bread and jam. 9. Phosphatase and reductase tests.
10. Study of organisms and their substrates in the formation of the following - tactic acid, acetic acid, cathanol, pencillin, streptomysin dairy products and alcholic beverages.

Demonstration

1. Sterilization techniques

2. Preparation of pure culture from mixed culture

3. Culture of root module bacteria

4. Antibiotic assay and Disc sensitivity on microbes.

5. Effect of temperature on the growth of microbes.

Books:

1. Ananthanarayanan, R. and Panicker, J. 1986.Text Book of Microbiology. Orient Longmans.
2. Boyd, R.F. 1988. General Microbiology. Times Mirror/Mosby College publishers.
3. Burrows., W. 1978. Text book of Microbiology. W.B. Saunders.
4. Carpenter. P.L. 1990. Microbiology. W.B. Saunders.
5. Frazier, W.C. 1978. Food Microbiology. McGraw Hill.
6. Frobisher, M. 1974. Fundamentals of Microbiology. W.B. Saunders.
7. Jay J.M. 1970. Modern Food Microbiology. Van Nostrand.
8. Ketchum P.A. 1988. Microbiology John Wilcy & Sons.
9. Lakshmanan, M.etal. 1971.Laboratory Experiments in Microbiology and Molecular Biology. Higginbothams (private) Ltd.
10. Peizar and Reid. 1986. Microbiology. Tata McGraw Hill.
11. Purohit S.S. 1991. Microbiology. Agro Botanical Publishers (India)
12. Salle, A.J. 1986.Fundamental Principles of Bacteriology. Tata McGraw Hill.
13. 1964.Bacterial flora of milk and milk products in India. ICAR Publishers.