UNIVERSITY OF MADRAS
B.Sc. DEGREE COURSE IN Nautical Science
SEMESTER SYSTEM WITH CREDITS
(Effective from the Academic Year 2003-2004)

SYLLABUS

Semester I - Paper II - Nautical Physics and Electronics I

Duration of Examination: 3 hrs
Maximum Marks: 100
Credits: 4

Mechanics

Relative velocity and its application to Radar Plotting, boat sailing etc. Review of Newton's Laws of motion, Projectiles. Circular motion, Centripetal and Centrifugal forces. Law of Gravitation, Satellites and their uses in communication, weather forecasting, etc. Work, Power and Energy Potential and Kinetic energy. Conservation of energy, Conservation of linear momentun impulse, Collision - direct and oblique impact. Centre of Mass and Centre of Gravity, Effect . movement of masses, Rotational Motion, Torque, Angular Momentum, Conservation of angular momentum, Concept of Gyroscope, Governors. Machines, Mechanical Advantage, Velocity ratio, Efficiency, Effect of friction, Pulley systems - Block and Tackle, Differential pulley.

Hydrostatics:-

Archimedes Principle, upthrust, Buoyancy, Pressure at a depth, Floating objects - Ships, Submarines, Floating Dock, Iceberg, Balloon, Hydrometer, Plimsoll line.

Atmospheric Pressure, Barometer, Hydrodynamics: - Streamlines, Turbulence.

Bernoulli's equation:-

Stability and spin, Aerofoil, lift, Rotating cylinder ship.

Surface Tension:-

Capillarity, Angle of contact, Excess Pressure inside a bubble, Air bubbles in an oil tank.

Elasticity:-

Modulus of elasticity, Hooke's Law, Cantilever, Bending of Beams, Shearing force, Rigidity.

Oscillations:-

S.H.M. and its features. Typical examples A Helical spring, a pendulum. Damped and undamped oscillations, Forced oscillations (vibrations), Resonance.

Waves:-

Longitudinal and Transverse Waves. A travelling simple harmonic wave and its features

Sound

Velocity of sound, effect of pressure, temperature and humidity on velocity of sound, pitch, quality and loudness, the decibel. Doppler effect. Interference of two travelling waves-beats phase comparison - use in decca and loran. Echo, Principle of Radar, Echo Sounder, Refracdon of sound waves, Effect of Wind and Temperature.

Heat and Thermodynamics

Hygrometry, relative and absolute humidity, vapour pressure, S.V.P, dew point, effect on weather - frost, mist, haze cloud formations. Rain, snow and hail. Transfer of heat: Conduction, convection and radiation. Expansion of solids, liquids and gases and their effect on liquid crgoes. Equation of state for gases, isothernal and adiabatic processes. First law of thermodynamics, second law of thermodynamics - carnot cycle. The heat engine and refrigerator, concept of entropy.

Light

Propagation of light, shadows, eclipses, reflection of light at plane and curved surfaces, rotation of a plane mirror. The sextant, refraction total internal reflection. Mirages. Optical fibre, propagation of radio waves, refraction through a prism, the azimuth mirrol, periscope, lenses, image formation, telescope, prism binocular. Diffraction due to a single slit and a circular aperture, limit of resolution, interference - coherent beams, lasers

List of Experiments

1. Demonstration of block and tackle arrangements.
2. Demonstration of a Weston Differential pulley.
3. A single cantilever (loaded at one end) determination of Y.
4. Surface tension of liquid by capillary rise method.
5. Moment of Inertia of Flywheel and Frictional Torque.
6. Velocity of sound in air (Using a CR0).
7. Use of CR0 to study the characteristics of an audio oscillator (Frequency, Period, Amplitude).
8. Stefan's Law of radiation using a filament lamp.
9. Thermistor as a Thermometer.
10. Spectrometer - Prisem.
11. Newton's rings - interference.
12. Young's modulus - non uniform bending - pin microscope

Books Recommended for References

1. Applied Physics J.H.Clough-Smith Brown, Son & Ferguson Ltd
2. Fundamentals of Physics M.Nelkon Hart-Davis Educational.
3. Principles of Physics Fredrick.J.Bueche McGraw-Hill International Edn.

ADDITIONAL REFERENCES

1. Physics-Classical & Modern Gettys, Skove. Keller, McGraw-Hill International Edn
2. University Physics Young, Sears & Zemansky Narosa Publishing
3. Sound Khanna & Bedi
4. Heat & Thermodynamics Brijilal & Subramaniam Ratan Prakashan Mandir
5. Heat & Thermodynamics Zemansky