UNIVERSITY OF MADRAS
B.Sc. DEGREE COURSE IN Nautical Science
SEMESTER SYSTEM WITH CREDITS
(Effective from the Academic Year 2003-2004)

SYLLABUS

Semester VI - Paper XX - Cargowork and Marine Communication

Duration of Examination: 3 hrs
Maximum Marks: 100
Credits: 4

Section A - Cargo Work

General:

Stress and strain. Elastic limit, Yield point, Breaking strength, proof Load, Factor of safety, safe working load. Annealing and normalising of Cargo gear.

Cargo Gear:

Blocks:

Parts of block, different types of block, non-toppling and snatch blocks. External binding. Internal binding. Strapped. Markings on a block. Size of a block and sheave, size of rope to be used in a block. Relationship between diameter of sheave and diameter of rope.

Tackles:

Names of parts of a tackle, using a tackle to advantages or disadvantage. Mechanical advantage. Velocity ratio or 'power gained', efficiency of a tackle; relationship between pull on the hauling part and load. Types of tackles/purchases used on ships.

Shackles:

Various types. Markings on shackles.

Cargo hooks:

Various types. Markings on cargo hooks.

Ropes:

Care or ropes and wires used for cargo gear.

Derrick rigs:

The Union purchase. Setting up of a union purchase. Importance of preventer guys. Maximum load to be used for angle between runners. Swinging derrick with powered guys. Putting winches in double gear. The Yo-Yo gear. Working of ship's cranes. Hoisting, lowering and securing a derrick.

Stresses:

Calculating the stresses in various parts of a derrick rig. Calculating the tension on ropes and wires of a purchase and finding the correct size to be used

Slings:

Types of slings used for lifting cargo of different types. Accident prevention when working cargo.

Overhauling blocks:

Care and maintenance. Receving a three fold purchase.

Hatch - covers:

Types of hatches. Opening and closing of Mcgregor and Hydraulic hatchovers. Closing arrangements. Battening down a hatch.

Transportation of Goods By Sea:

Categories of cargo, bulk solid, bulk liquid, chemicals in bulk, gas, dangerous goods, general cargo, heavy lifts. Methods of carrying cargoes, tanks, containers holds, portable tanks aboard ship, ro-ro, refrigerated containers and holds.

Cargo Care:

Importance of cargo care to economical operation of ship. Care of cargo on board ship. Securing cargo by using Bull-dog grips and bottle screws. Securing by chains and tensioners. Container lashing and securing. Fire prevention, Interaction, temperature variations leading to sweat damage, sea water damage, ventilation to avoid hazardous gas accumulations, dunnage, separations, bulkheads, shifting boards.

Section B - Marine Communication

Meaning of bunting, halyard, at the dip, close up, half mast, hoist, fly, tackline.
Courtesy flag, ship's numbers, jack flag, quarantine flag, pilot flag, Blue peter.
Location on a ship of Jack staff Ensign staff, Gaff, Triatic stay, Foremast Yardarm, Main mast head.
What flags are hoisted from these part of ship and when.
Types of ensigns. Penalty for not using or wrongly using an ensign.

Section C - Bridge Watch Keeping.

PRACTICAL

MARINE COMMUNICATION

To send and receive signals by morse code visually.
Recognition of national flags of all countries.
Recognition of house flags and funnels of Indian Shipping Companies.
Recognition of flags denoting numbers and flags used us substitutes.
How to bend on or unbend a flag from halyard. Breaking a flag at close up.
Flag hoisting practice at colours and sunset.
Morse signalling with Aldis lamp on mains and battery.
Morse signalling with Daylight signalling Apparatus.

Books recommended for Reference:

1. Theory and Practice of Seamanship Danton G.

2. Seamanship Notes Kemp & Young

3. Nicholls Seamanship Brown Son & Ferguson Ltd.,

4. Cargo work Kemp & Young

5. Seamanship Primer Capt. J.M.N. Dinger

6. Cargo work Capt. Errol Fernandes

7. International Code of Signals RMSO

8. Stowage of Cargo