UNIVERSITY OF MADRAS
B.Sc. Degree Course in Nutrition Food Service Management and Dietetics
SEMESTER SYSTEM WITH CREDITS
(Effective from the Academic Year 2003-2004)

SYLLABUS

Semester II - Paper III - Human Physiology

Number of Lectures: 4
Duration of Examination: 3 hrs
Maximum Marks: 75
Credits: 4

Theory 4 hrs / week
Practical 2 hrs / week

OBJECTIVES

a) To enable students to understand the structure and physiology of various organs in the body.

b) To help students to obtain a better understanding of the principles of nutrition and dietetics through the study of physiology.

1) CELL

Introduction - cell under e/m. Recent concepts.

2) TISSUES

Classification, structure and function.

PRACTICAL

Microscopic studies of different tissues. Epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissues.

3) PHYSIOLOGY OF NERVE AND MUSCLE

Conduction of nerve impulses - along nerve and muscle fibres. Physiology of muscle contraction.

4) NERVOUS SYSTEM

General anatomy of nervous system, functions of the different parts, reflexes, autonomic nervous system.

PRACTICAL

Study of human reflexes and the anatomy of sheep's brain. Model of spinal cord.

5) SENSE ORGANS

Physiology of vision, hearing, taste, smell and cutaneous sensations.

PRACTICAL

Eye, inner ear and taste bud.

6) BLOOD

Composition, constituents, functions, wounds, hemorrhage, reticulo, endothetical system, body defence against diseases.

PRACTICAL

Microscopic study of blood, WBC, RBC estimation. Hemoglobin estimation.

7) HEART AND CIRCULATION

Anatomy of the heart-structure of he heart and blood vessels, properties of cardiac muscle, origin and condition of heart beat, cardiac cycle, cardiac output, heart sounds, bood pressure - definition and factors affecting blood pressure and ECG.

PRACTICAL

Blood of different groups of people. Anatomy of sheep's heart. Blood pressure. Heart beat of frog. Effect of temperature on heart beat.

8) RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Anatomy and physiology of respiratory organs. Gaseous exchange in the lungs, mechanism of respiration.

PRACTICAL

Microscopic structure of lung and trachea. Respiratory rate, pulse rate.

9) DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Anatomy of gastro-intestinal tract. Digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, proteins and fats.

PRACTLAL

Microscopic study of the various organs. Pancreas, stomach, small intestine, liver.

10) EXCRETORY SYSTEM

Structure of kidney, formation of urine, acid-base balance, skin-temperature regulation, water balance.

PRACTICAL

Anatomy of sheep's kidney. Microscopic structure of nephron.

11) ENDOCRINOLOGY

Pftuitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal and pancreas - functions of the homones and their relationships.

PRACTICAL

Microscopic structure of various glands, thyroid, pituitary, adrenal.

12) REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Anatomy of male and female reproductive organs, hormonal regulation of male reproductive function, menstruation, fertilization, pregnancy, lactation - hormone influence.

PRACTICAL

Microscopic structure of the reproduct organis - ovary, uterus, mammary gland, testis.

REFERENCES

1) Guyton, A.C. Functions of the Human Body, W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia.

2) Vander, A.J, Sherman, J.H. and Luciano, D.S. Human Physiology - the Mechanisms of Body Functions, 2^nd ed., TMH Pubiishing Co., Ltd.,

3) Subramaniam, S. and Madhavan Kutty, K. 1971. The Text Book of Physiology, 1^st ed., Orient Longman Ltd.

4) Best, CH and NB Tayor, The living body latest edition, Asia publishing house, Bombay.

5) Ham, A.W., Histology, Pitman Medical Publishing Ltd., London, Latest edition.