UNIVERSITY OF MADRAS
B.Sc. Degree Course in Nutrition Food Service Management and Dietetics
SEMESTER SYSTEM WITH CREDITS
(Effective from the Academic Year 2003-2004)

SYLLABUS

Semester III - Paper V - Biochemistry

Number of Lectures: 6
Duration of Examination: 3 hrs
Maximum Marks: 100
Credits: 4

6 hrs. Theory / week

OBJECTIVES

To introduce the students to

1. The principles of Biochemistry

2. A basic understanding of the functions of biological systems in relation to Nutritional biochemistry.

3. The skills in qualitative tests and quantitative estimation of nutrients.

THEORY

1.Introduction to Biochemistry, definitions and relation to nutrition.

2.Physico chemical forces acting on the living body.

a. Definition of pH its determination, maintenance of pH of blood.

b. Buffers and electrolytes in the body and their functions - Potassium, chlorine, sodium.

3. Carbohydrate - structure, general reaction of mono, di, tri and oligo sacdarides interconversion of sugars - metabolism of carbohydrate - glucose oxidation through glycolysis - Krebs - TCA cycle, pentose phosphate cycle - gluconeogenesis.

4. Amino acids - classification, chemical properties due to amino and carboxyl groups, Chromatographic separation.

5. Peptides - structure and nomenclature determination of amino acids sequence.

6. Proteins - primary, secondary, tertiary structure of proteins - Hydrolysis of proteins - Denaturation, precipitation coagulation metabolism of proteins general pathways of metabolism of amino acids. Deamination, transamination, decarboxylation - urea cycle fate of carbon skeleton of amino acids.

7. Lipids and lipid metabolism - chemical composition of fats B oxidation of fatty acids metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids. Biosynthesis of fatty acids - formation of aceto acetate ketogenesis Cholestrol - Biosynthesis and metabolism.

8. Nucleic acids and protein biosynthesis bases, nucleotides purines arid pyrimidines structure and function.

9. Inter relationship between carbohydrate fat and protein metabohsm Hormonal regulation of metabolism.

10. Enzymes, classification, Nomenclature factors affecting enzyme activity; mechanism of Enzyme action - Coenzymes and prosthetic groups - Role of B vitamins.

11. Inborn errors of metabolism with reference to carbohydrate - Fructosuria and galactosemia Protein - Phenyl ketonuria Alcaptoriuria amino aciduria.

12. Mineral metabolism - calcium and phosphorus, ion and copper, water balance-intake, output - regulatory metabolism - changes in the volume of body water - dehydration and over-dehydration.

13. Acid - Base - balance Buffer systems - respiratory mechanism - renal mechanism:

a. Excretion of acid

b. Excertion of ammonia - disturbance in acid base balance - acidosis - alkalosis.

REFERENCES

1. Conn E E and Stump P.K. - Outlines of Biochemistry - Wiley Eastern (P) Ltd. New Delhi, 1981.

2. Canteron A and Schepertz B - Biochemistry - W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia London 1967.

3. Pairely J.L. and Kilgous G.L. - Essentials of biological chemistry Reinhold publishing corporations, New York 1968.

4. Gerals Litwak - A Laboratory mannual John Wiley sons Inc., New York 1960.

5. Mazur A and Harrow B - Biochemistry - A Laboratory Manual, John Wiley Sons Inc., New York 1960.

6. Mahier and Corder E.H. - Basic biological chemistry, Kapes and Row, New York, 1968.

7. Varley - Practical clinical Biochemistry - William Heinemarn Medical books - London Ltd. Inter Science books mc, New York 1969.

8. West E.S. Todd W.R. Mosses R.S. and Van Bruggon J.S. - Text book of Biochemistry - The Macmillan Co., New York 1968.

9 William P.J. An introduction to Biochemistry, Nostrand Co., Inc. London 1972.

10. Shanmugham Ambika - Fundamentals of Bio-chemistry to medical students. NVA Bharat printers, and traders 56, Peters Road, Madras - 86. 1985.

11. Karison and Peterson 1971 - Introduction to Modern Bio-chemistry Academic press, New York, London.

12. Talwar G.P. Sri Vatsava L.N. and Moudgil K.D. 1989 - Text book of Biochemistry and Human biology - Prentice Hall of India (P) Ltd. New Delhi - 1.

13. Rama Rao A.V.S.S. 1990 - Text book of biochemistry 5^th edition L.K. and Publishers, Visakhapatnam.

14. P. Karison 1975 - Introduction to Mern Biochemistry - Academic press, New York.