Test Papers / Previous Question Papers of IGNOU CS14 Intelligent Systems December 2006

MCA (III Yr)
Term-End Examination

CS14 (S): Intelligent Systems

Time: 3 hours
Maximum Marks: 75

December, 2006

l. (a) How does knowledge-basecdo mputing differ from numeric computation ? Explain with examples. (3)

(b) Differentiate between the following : (2 x1/2=5)

(i) Data and Information

(ii) Hypothesis and Knowledge

(iii) Use rhe truth table-method to prove that A^(A =>B ) =>B is a tautology.(5)

(d) Write short notes on the following three LISP functions : mapcar, eval, and lambda

(e) How is knowledge stored using Semantic Network ? What are the main limitations of this scheme ? (5)

(f) What are the characteristics of a distance metric ? Illustrate with example how contingency table can be used to measure distance binary variables. (3+3=6)

2. (i) Design a scheme for representing Binary Trees in Prolog. (3)

(ii) Write a Prolog code that uses the above representationa nd retrieve.tsh e largest elements tored in tree. You may assume that the information contained in the tree is purely numeric.

(iii)Write Prolog predicate that takes a list LIST1 and partitions it on a key X into two lists less than X and PARTITION (X, UST1, LESS THAN X, GREATER THAN X) where LESS THAN X contain elements less than the key X and GREATER THAN X contain elements greater than the key X.(6)

3. (i) Explain with examples the six components that are required for defining the syntax of first order Predicate Logic.(4)

(ii) What is a Skolem function ? Give the steps needed to convert an FOPL statement into clauses form.(5)

(iii) Use Associative Network to represent the following : (6)

(a) Nine is a number.

(b) All numbers are rational.

(c) A rational has two attributes : oulrlerator and denominator.

(d) All rationals are reals.

(e) Reals have functions : addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

4. (i) What do you mean by the term "heuristics" ?(2)

(ii) What are the heuristics used in

(a) Search using Hill-climbing

(b) Best-firsst earch (7)

(iii) What is the difference between "deductive" and 'non-deductive" reasoning ? Explain two different types of non-deductive reasoning schemes. (6)

5. (i) Represent the following sentences in Conceptual Dependency structure :(6)

(a) Sachin is a cricketer.

(b) Sourav hit the ball well.

(c) Rahul gave Viru an advice.

(ii) Write a short note on "property list" as a knowledge structure.(3)

(iii) Write an algorithm that takes as input two strings, and determines whether they have any common substring of length ten. What is the complexity of the algorithm.(6)